Acute Lung Injury
Lung, Hypoxemia, Pulmonary Edema, Pulmonary Compliance, Capillary
978-613-7-21712-2
6137217124
140
2011-10-01
45.00 €
eng
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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a diffuse heterogeneous lung injury characterized by hypoxemia, non cardiogenic pulmonary edema, low lung compliance and widespread capillary leakage. ALI is caused by any stimulus of local or systemic inflammation, principally sepsis. Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) are defined as: Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest x-ray, Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure > 18 mmHg (2.4 kPa), PaO2/FiO2* >300 mmHg (40 kPa) = ALI, PaO2/FiO2 >200 mmHg (26.7 kPa)= ARDS. There are two forms of ALI. Primary ALI is caused by a direct injury to the lung (e.g., pneumonia). Secondary ALI is caused by an indirect insult (e.g., pancreatitis). There are two stages – the acute phase characterized by disruption of the alveolar-capillary interface, leakage of protein rich fluid into the interstitium and alveolar space, and extensive release of cytokines and migration of neutrophils.
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